Human Rights, International Law and Justice, Genocide

United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded in 1945. It aims to promote peace, security, and cooperation among member countries. The UN has various specialized agencies and programs addressing global issues like human rights, development, and humanitarian aid. The General Assembly and the Security Council are key decision-making bodies within the UN

UN Sustainable Development Goals

17 Goals to transform our world

The Sustainable Development Goals are a call for action by all countries — poor, rich and middle-income — to promote prosperity while protecting the planet.

Thomas the Tank engine

Learn more about the Sustainable Development Goals! On our student resources page you will find plenty of materials for young people and adults alike. Share with your family and friends to help achieve a better world for all.

children holding up books

Reading and learning are essential to children’s growth and development; stories can fuel their imagination and raise awareness of new possibilities. The SDG Book Club aims to encourage them to learn about the Goals in a fun, engaging way, empowering them to make a difference.

Act Now

ActNow is the United Nations campaign to inspire people to act for the Sustainable Development Goals. The SDGs can improve life for all of us and everyone can join the global movement for change. To log your actions, download the app.

Structure of the
United Nations

The main parts of the UN structure are the General Assembly, the
Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the UN Secretariat. All were established in 1945 when the UN was founded.

The General Assembly is the main deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the UN. All 193 Member States of the UN are represented in the General Assembly, making it the only UN body with universal representation.

The Security Council has primary responsibility, under the UN Charter, for the maintenance of international peace and security. It has 15 Members (5 permanent and 10 non-permanent members). Each Member has one vote. Under the Charter, all Member States are obligated to comply with Council decisions.

The Economic and Social Council is the principal body for coordination, policy review, policy dialogue and recommendations on economic, social and environmental issues, as well as implementation of internationally agreed development goals.

The Trusteeship Council was established in 1945 by the UN Charter, under Chapter XIII, to provide international supervision for 11 Trust Territories that had been placed under the administration of seven Member States, and ensure that adequate steps were taken to prepare the Territories for self-government and independence.

The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. Its seat is at the Peace Palace in the Hague (Netherlands). It is the only one of the six principal organs of the United Nations not located in New York (United States of America).

The Secretariat comprises the Secretary-General and tens of thousands of international UN staff members who carry out the day-to-day work of the UN as mandated by the General Assembly and the Organization's other principal organs.

 

The United Nations (UN) covers a wide range of areas, including:

 
 

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

NATO is an intergovernmental military alliance formed for collective defense among North American and European countries.

Humanitarian Aid Organizations

Several UN-affiliated bodies and organizations work in humanitarian aid, such as the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), World Food Programme (WFP), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), and the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). These entities provide emergency assistance, aid, and support to populations affected by conflicts, disasters, and other crises worldwide.

ILO (International Labour Organization)

The ILO establishes international labor standards, promotes decent work for all, and addresses labor-related issues, including labor rights, employment opportunities, and social protection.

UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)

UNESCO works to promote peace and security through international collaboration in education, sciences, culture, communication, and information.

UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)

UNDP focuses on poverty reduction, democratic governance, crisis prevention and recovery, environment and energy for sustainable development, and more.

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

UNICEF works with governments, partners and other UN agencies to support countries around the world to ensure that the SDGs deliver results for every child - now and for generations to come.

United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)

Poverty eradication and respect for human rights, central pillars of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), are at the core of UNRWA’s human development, humanitarian and protection work. The SDGs central to its work are: SDG 1: No Poverty; SDG 2: Zero Hunger; SDG 3 Good Health and Well-Being; SDG 4: Quality Education; SDG 5: Gender Equality; SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation; SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth; SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities; SDG17: Partnerships.

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA)

The Department of Economic and Social Affairs (part of the UN Secretariat) engages stakeholders around the world in the implementation, evaluation and monitoring process of the SDGs.

UN Regional Economic Commissions

UN Regional Economic Commissions play a critical role in supporting countries in their efforts to implement the 2030 Agenda by providing technical capacity and analytical work and policy advisory services, and serving as platforms for dialogue. The UN's Regional Economic Commissions are part of the UN Secretariat.

Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)

The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) has emphasized the importance of planning as a key tool of policymaking and public management. Countries in the Latin America and the Caribbean region have made significant commitments and taken steps to integrate the Sustainable Development Goals into their national or subnational planning schemes.

Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)

ECA supported Member States in achieving regional cooperation and integration, and contributed to the establishment of the African Continental Free Trade Area by 44 African countries, which will create a single continental market for goods and services that can deliver economies of scale, improved competitiveness, foreign direct investment and poverty reduction (SDG Goal 1).

UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund)

UNICEF focuses on providing humanitarian and developmental assistance to children and mothers in developing countries, ensuring they have access to healthcare, clean water, education, and protection from violence and exploitation.

WHO (World Health Organization)

The WHO is responsible for international public health and deals with health-related issues, including disease outbreaks, health emergencies, vaccinations, and global health policy.

FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization)

FAO leads international efforts to combat hunger, achieve food security, and promote sustainable agriculture practices worldwide.

UNHCR (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees)

UNHCR protects and supports refugees globally, ensuring their rights are upheld and assisting in finding durable solutions for their situations.

UN Women

UN Women works for gender equality and the empowerment of women globally, advocating for women's rights, participation in decision-making, and ending gender-based violence.

World Food Programme (WFP)

Goal 2 of the Sustainable Development Goals – Zero Hunger – pledging to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture, is the priority of the World Food Programme.

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

Contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals by sustainably building a world without hunger, malnutrition and poverty is the goal of FAO.

International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)

Given its goal of transforming rural areas and its unmatched experience in investing in smallholder farmers, IFAD plays a central role in achieving SDGs 1 (no poverty) and 2 (zero hunger).

International Maritime Organization (IMO)

IMO’s Technical Cooperation Committee has formally approved linkages between the Organization’s technical assistance work and the SDGs. While the Oceans goal, SDG 14, is central to IMO, aspects of the Organization's work can be linked to all individual SDGs.

International Telecommunication Union

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) can help accelerate progress towards every single one of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). ITU contributes to SDG 9 in particular—helping to build resilient infrastructure, promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization and fostering innovation (specifically SDG Target 9.c).

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

UNESCO contributes to the implementation of the SDGs through its work on Education, Natural Sciences, Social and Human Sciences, Culture, Communication and information. Additionally, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO holds a universal mandate and global convening power for ocean science and capacity development in support of the 2030 Agenda and its sustainable goals.

United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

UNIDO supports all 17 SDGs, but puts a strong emphasis on SDG9, which focuses on building resilient infrastructure, promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization and fostering innovation.

What we do

Due to the powers vested in its Charter and its unique international character, the United Nations can take action on the issues confronting humanity in the 21st century, including:

More from the
United Nations

Featured stories from across the United Nations and our world-wide family of agencies, funds, and programmes.

A person sits in front on their computer staring at a mobile phone. UNODC, International Law and Justice

Uniting the world against Corruption

Corruption is a major challenge facing the world today, with negative impacts on society and economic development, as well as democracy and the rule of law. It is often a root cause of conflict, fueling instability and inhibiting peace processes. Preventing corruption, promoting transparency, and strengthening institutions is crucial to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. The 2023 International Anti-Corruption Day seeks to highlight the crucial link between anti-corruption and peace, security, and development, and the responsibility of everyone in overcoming this crime. This year’s commemoration celebrates the twentieth anniversary of the UN Convention against Corruption.

A young boy, riding a bicycle, passes through a group of destroyed houses in Gaza. UNDP, Displaced Persons and Refugees

Gaza: 'Everything is different in this war'

Fighting has resumed in Gaza after a temporary humanitarian truce that allowed desperately needed assistance to reach people displaced by the war. The temporary halt provided some respite for residents who endured constant shelling, repeated displacement and sleepless nights. One of them is Asmaa Marouf. A UN Volunteer, Asmaa was working as a geographic information systems specialist with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). When the war began, she was forced to flee her home along with her children. Asmaa shares her experience, her fears, her hopes and her belief that the current war is different from the previous escalations she has lived through. Her words underscore the need for a full humanitarian ceasefire.

Picture of a Nigerian woman who leads an anti-child marriage group in her village. FAO, Women and Gender Equality

The action group that fights early marriage in Senegal and sub-Saharan Africa

Women in Niger experience gender-based violence in various forms including physical and sexual abuse, social norms that limit their participation in decision-making and community activities and being forced to marry at an early age. Child marriage violates human rights and hinders development efforts. It limits girls' education and leads to health issues. It also breeds reliance on men and limits opportunities for young women to make their living. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has implemented several projects in rural Senegal to raise awareness among all community members about the dangers of this practice, for girl children and the community at large. FAO works with communities to set up discussion and action groups called Dimitra Clubs.

Climate Change, UNEP

Keeping it chill

The release of UNEP's Global Cooling Watch Report 2023: Keeping it chill highlights the importance of passive cooling alternatives to energy-hungry air conditioners.

SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy, UNCTAD

A cobalt success story

UNCTAD report emphasizes the need to foster domestic value-addition to critical minerals in producing developing countries to increase supply chains resilience, and sustainability as evidenced in Democratic Republic of Congo.

Climate Change, Finance, IFAD

The climate finance system is broken

For small-scale farmers, the climate nightmare is real, and they are severely underfunded. They urgently need support to adapt to a changing world. Here are three calls to action from IFAD

Migration, Natural Resources and the Environment, IOM

Climate change is wreaking havoc in Iraq

Rural-urban migration in response to environmental degradation and natural hazards is rising at an alarming rate as families seek employment in urban areas.

Watch and Listen

Video and audio from across the United Nations and our world-wide family of agencies, funds, and programmes.

UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk's message to mark the 75th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. 

Empower women for a climate resilient future

FAO through funding from the Africa Development Bank, have excavated a pond to store water, provided a solar-powered water pump for irrigation and seeds, empowering female farmers like Lilly in South Sudan, to be able to plant and sell their vegetables. 

Listen to the children

Suzuki's unprecendented climate action speech in 1992 at the Earth Summit, inspired future generations of youth environmental activists.

UN Podcasts

Catherine Marchi-Uhel speaks to a microphone in the Security Council Chamber

A Painstaking Quest for Justice

“In Syria, I was really struck by this lack of revenge. I haven't seen many people wanting revenge. They want justice. And that's really a very powerful attitude.”

A former judge, Catherine Marchi-Uhel spent a lifetime pursuing justice. Now leading the quest for accountability for atrocities and war crimes committed in the Syrian civil war, she finds comfort in survivors’ resilience and their determination to move on with their lives. Since 2016, the UN’s IIIM (International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism) has been helping investigate and prosecute the most serious atrocities committed in Syria during the devastating conflict.

In this episode, Catherine Marchi-Uhel reflects on the painstaking job of documenting brutality, the importance of preserving evidence, and how she keeps faith in the face of humanity’s darkest crimes.

Latest Audio from UN News